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Varicose veins may increase risk of blood clots, lead to vascular diseases

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Adults with varicose veins - gnarled, enlarged veins, most commonly appearing in the legs and feet - may be at increased risk of suffering from blood clot that could lead to vascular diseases, a study has found. The study found people with varicose veins were at a five times increased risk of developing a deep venous thrombosis (DVT) -- a clot in the legs which can lead to amputation or even death, the Daily Mail reported. They were twice as likely to develop a pulmonary embolism -- a clot which travels into the lungs and can be deadly.They also had double the risk of peripheral arterial disease, which reduces blood flow to the arms and legs. The study led by researchers including Pei-Chun Chen, adoctoral student from China Medical University in Taiwan, examined 212,984 patients aged 20 years and older with varicose veins, and a control group of equal patients without varicose veins. The results, published in the journal JAMA, showed that among adults diagnosed with varicose ...
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Cannabinoids exert a neuroprotective effect on the cognitive deficits caused by vascular dementia

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“Vascular dementia ( VaD ) is characteristic of chronic brain ischemia and progressive memory decline, which has a high incidence in the elderly”, states the study. “However, there are no effective treatments for VaD, and the underlying mechanism of its pathogenesis remains unclear.” With that in mind, “This study investigated the effects of a synthetic  cannabinoid  receptor agonist WIN55,212-2 ( WIN ) on VaD, and molecular mechanisms of the effects.” Using a variety of tests conducted on rat models, it was found that  WIN55,212-2  – which is meant to mimic the effects of natural, cannabis-derived cannabinoids – “decreased the expression of Capase-3, and improved the learning and memory impairment of VaD rats.” Researchers state that “These data indicate that WIN exerts a neuroprotective effect on the cognitive deficits of VaD rats, which may be associated with the suppression of excessive  autophagy  and inflammation.”
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Heart risk calculator due for an update

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Over 11 million Americans are at high risk of having a heart attack or  stroke  in the next 10 years — at least, that’s what the numbers say. The equation doctors use to estimate  cardiovascular  risk is prone to miscalculation, according to a new study, meaning patients may be popping daily aspirin or statins at the wrong dosage. The stakes are higher for African-Americans. With the old equation, 1 in 29 African-Americans may be incorrectly labeled very low or very high risk, according to the study. For example, a 46-year-old black man was estimated to have a 40 percent lower chance of having a heart attack or stroke than a white man of the same age and in identical health. In general, African-Americans are at higher risk of cardiovascular conditions than Caucasians, so miscalculations shouldn’t be taken lightly. The heart risk calculator transforms patient information — age, gender, race,  cholesterol  levels, blood pressure, prescriptions, a...
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